In recent years, Chinese language education in the Arab world has entered a phase of rapid growth and transformation. Many Arab countries have introduced Chinese language courses into their educational systems, and some have even integrated Mandarin into national curricula. Notably, since 2019 Saudi Arabia has implemented Mandarin courses across all levels of schooling, and countries such as Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, and Tunisia have also begun offering Chinese in secondary or even primary schools. Since the mid-2000s, Confucius Institutes have been established throughout the Arab region, with around 15 institutes operating in the Middle East by 2021. Enthusiasm for learning Chinese is rising among Arab youth; an increasing number of young Arabs can write Chinese characters and speak Mandarin fluently. As Adnan Kassar, Chairman of the Lebanese bank Fransabank, observed, “the fact that one of every six people in the world speaks Chinese illustrates why it is so important to study this language”. Chinese is evolving from a niche interest to a highly valued skill in Arab countries – not only for translation or traditional commerce, but also as a bridge for Belt and Road cooperation, business and trade, and cultural exchange in a globalized era.

Despite this positive momentum, there are significant challenges in teaching and learning Chinese in the Arab context. The most fundamental difficulty lies in the stark differences between the Chinese and Arabic languages. Chinese is written in thousands of logographic characters, a writing system completely unlike the Arabic alphabet; mastering these characters poses a steep learning curve for Arab students accustomed to phonetic scripts. Mandarin Chinese is also a tonal language, where variations in tone can change word meaning – a linguistic feature unfamiliar to native speakers of Arabic. Additionally, there is a shortage of localized Chinese teaching materials and resources in many Arab countries. Many university departments and institutes have an acute lack of appropriate textbooks, forcing teachers to compile their own materials and leaving students with few opportunities for extra reading practice. Another pressing issue is the lack of qualified Chinese language teachers. Since Chinese is relatively new in the region, most instructors are native Chinese teachers dispatched from China, but typically only a handful are assigned to each program – insufficient to meet the growing student demand. This shortage of skilled teachers is compounded by the need for professionals who not only have mastery of Chinese, but also understand Arab students’ linguistic background and culture. Cultural differences indeed play a role: teachers must bridge Chinese and Arab cultural contexts in their teaching, and students often need extra support to grasp cultural nuances in the language. Ensuring effective cross-cultural communication and making Chinese learning culturally relevant for Arab learners remain ongoing challenges.

On the other hand, new technologies are offering innovative solutions and opportunities to address some of these challenges. The digitalization and intelligent upgrading of international Chinese education has become an inevitable trend. Advances in technology – including Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), mobile language-learning apps, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) – are providing fresh tools and platforms for language teaching. Recent studies indicate that AI technology is gradually being integrated into Chinese language instruction, enabling more personalized and adaptive learning support for students. In the Arab world, especially in the post-pandemic context, the widespread adoption of online education and intelligent tutoring systems has accelerated the digital transformation of Chinese language teaching. Intelligent speech recognition systems and online practice platforms now play important roles in Chinese listening and speaking training. For example, AI-powered language apps and chatbot tutors (such as advanced conversational AI like ChatGPT) allow Arab learners to practice Mandarin conversation anytime and receive instant feedback on pronunciation and grammar. These digital tools extend the learning environment beyond the classroom, effectively creating a “borderless” learning space and greatly enhancing flexibility and engagement in language study. At the same time, technology is driving innovation in pedagogical methods – encouraging teachers to adopt blended learning, flipped classrooms, and other student-centered approaches supported by data analytics. In the era of AI, international Chinese education is moving toward a model that balances technological empowerment with humanistic care: leveraging AI and big data to optimize teaching materials, personalize instruction, and expand access, while also emphasizing the cultivation of cultural literacy and intercultural communication skills. This integration of technology aims to improve teaching quality and efficiency, making learning Mandarin more accessible and engaging for Arab students.

Now, Chinese language education in the Arab region stands at a pivotal moment of opportunity and change. The themes of this symposium – focusing on Chinese teaching for Arab students and the application of AI in international Chinese education – are a timely response to these trends. By bringing together educators and experts from across the region and beyond, we hope this conference will facilitate knowledge sharing, inspire innovative strategies, and strengthen collaboration. Ultimately, our collective efforts will contribute to the advancement of Chinese language education in the Arab world, preparing a new generation of bilingual and culturally fluent talents for the future.

Prof. Pei Yulai (Vice Dean, College of International Education, Shanghai University)
 Title: Innovative Practices in International Chinese Language Education Empowered by AI
Abstract:
 Artificial Intelligence (AI) is profoundly reshaping the landscape of international Chinese language education. In this talk, Prof. Pei Yulai will introduce the latest AI-powered applications in Chinese teaching, including intelligent assessment, personalized learning platforms, and virtual teaching assistants. He will illustrate how big data analytics can help educators identify learning obstacles specific to Arab students and tailor instruction accordingly. AI technologies such as speech recognition and synthesis are enabling immersive speaking and listening experiences with real-time feedback. Prof. Pei will also explore how AI is transforming the role of teachers in the digital age, emphasizing the importance of upskilling and complementarity between humans and machines. While embracing technological innovation, he underscores the need for humanistic care to ensure that technology serves to enhance both teaching quality and learners’ cultural understanding. Looking ahead, he envisions a smart and personalized ecosystem that will redefine the future of Chinese language education globally. 

Prof. Lin Xiuqin (Professor at Capital Normal University, Representative of the Center for Language Education and Cooperation)
 Title: Pathways to Cultural Integration in Chinese Language Learning among Arab Students
Abstract:
 This presentation by Prof. Lin Xiuqin focuses on cultural integration strategies in Chinese language instruction for Arab learners. Drawing on extensive teaching experience in the Middle East, she first identifies common cultural barriers: limited understanding of Chinese cultural references embedded in characters, and challenges arising from divergent thinking patterns between Chinese and Arab classrooms. She then proposes three pedagogical pathways: (1) bilingual comparative teaching, integrating Chinese and Arabic cultural content to deepen cross-cultural understanding; (2) situational culture-based instruction, using media, music, and cuisine familiar to students to introduce Chinese culture contextually; and (3) localized material development, designing textbooks and readings that align with Arab cultural backgrounds and student lifestyles. Prof. Lin emphasizes that Chinese language teachers should serve as “cultural ambassadors,” facilitating two-way cultural exchanges and encouraging students to connect their own cultures with Chinese language learning. Ultimately, she advocates turning the Chinese classroom into a platform for intercultural dialogue, fostering not only language acquisition but also cultural empathy and identity. 

Prof. Zhou Jian (Chinese Director, Confucius Institute at the University of Bahrain)
 Title: The Current Landscape and Future Prospects of Chinese Language Education in Bahrain
Abstract:
 Prof. Zhou Jian will provide an overview of the development and challenges of Chinese language education in Bahrain. The talk covers the expansion of Chinese language programs at the University of Bahrain’s Confucius Institute and beyond, the increasing number of local students learning Chinese, and their diverse motivations—ranging from career and business goals to genuine interest in Chinese culture. While notable progress has been made, Prof. Zhou highlights key challenges: the heavy reliance on foreign instructors due to a lack of local teacher training programs; limited access to high-quality textbooks and standardized testing resources; and student attrition due to lack of sustained motivation. His proposed solutions include: establishing local teacher training centers in collaboration with Chinese universities; introducing HSK testing and digital learning resources to standardize and motivate learning; and promoting short-term exchange programs between Bahraini and Chinese universities to enhance immersion and real-world application. Prof. Zhou envisions a vibrant future for Chinese education in Bahrain, producing bilingual, cross-cultural talents who will serve as bridges between China and the Arab world. 

Prof. Zhang Xinying (Chinese Director, Confucius Institute at Prince Sultan University, Saudi Arabia)
 Title: Opportunities and Challenges for Chinese Language Education in Saudi Arabia
Abstract:
 Prof. Zhang Xinying will examine the unique opportunities and ongoing challenges of developing Chinese language programs in Saudi Arabia. Under the “Vision 2030” initiative, the Saudi government has introduced a range of Mandarin promotion policies, such as integrating Chinese into public school curricula and offering incentives like cultural exchange programs in China. These policies have significantly boosted interest in learning Mandarin among Saudi youth. Prof. Zhang shares insights from her frontline experience at the Confucius Institute: many Saudi students view Chinese not only as a tool for translation or cultural interest, but as a skill for future employment in sectors like renewable energy and telecommunications. However, practical challenges remain—late language acquisition, intensive learning schedules, and the complexity of Chinese characters and grammar require specialized methods tailored to Arab learners. Additionally, cultural and religious sensitivities (e.g., preference for female teachers among female students) must be respected in instructional design. Prof. Zhang outlines strategies such as differentiated instruction, small-group tutorials, and cultural engagement activities. She also projects future collaboration between China and Saudi Arabia in areas such as teacher training, curriculum development, and digital education platforms, all aimed at advancing Chinese language education to new heights. 

Ms. Xue Yuanyuan (Chinese Teacher, Confucius Institute at the University of Bahrain)
 Title: Digital Tools in Chinese Classrooms for Arab Learners: Practices and Reflections
Abstract:
 Frontline teacher Ms. Xue Yuanyuan will share her experience integrating digital tools into Chinese language classrooms for Arab students at the University of Bahrain. She introduces several popular and effective tools: mobile apps and online platforms for vocabulary and character practice, interactive AI dialogue systems for speaking practice with real-time pronunciation correction, and multimedia slides and micro-lesson videos that help demystify abstract grammar concepts. Ms. Xue observes that students in the Middle East are highly responsive to visual content and technology-enhanced learning, making short videos, animations, and online quizzes effective for engagement. She emphasizes, however, that digital tools must remain supplementary to thoughtful instruction—teachers play a critical role in guiding students toward meaningful learning, rather than passive screen interaction. Her approach balances in-class discussion and cultural immersion with self-paced digital practice, ensuring differentiated learning paths for students with diverse backgrounds. The talk will present data and case studies demonstrating how blended teaching models can boost proficiency and learner confidence, offering practical insights into classroom innovation in the field of international Chinese education. 

Registration and Schedule:
All invited guests are kindly requested to arrive at the symposium venue —S45-101, E-learning Center, Sakhir Campus, University of Bahrain — by 8:30 a.m. on August 4 for registration and to collect conference materials and name badges. The symposium will officially begin at 9:00 a.m. and conclude by 11:00 a.m. Please ensure your mobile phone is set to silent mode during the event to maintain a respectful and professional environment. A group photo session will take place at the end of the symposium — your participation is highly appreciated.

Transportation:
The Sakhir Campus of the University of Bahrain is located in the Zallaq area, approximately a 30-minute drive from central Manama. Directional signs and event staff will be present near the venue to assist guests. For those arriving by car, parking is available in front of both the S1 Main Building and the E-learning Center. Should you require assistance with transportation arrangements (e.g., taxi booking or on-campus shuttle coordination), please notify the organizing committee in advance.

Accommodation:
For guests traveling from outside Bahrain or internationally, the organizing committee is pleased to assist with accommodation arrangements. We recommend The Diplomat Radisson Blu Hotel, Manama, our designated partner hotel in the capital. Preferential conference rates may be arranged upon request. If you require assistance with hotel bookings or travel logistics, please contact the organizing team prior to the event. During the symposium, complimentary refreshments will be provided. A light lunch will follow the symposium to facilitate networking among attendees.

Dress Code:
As this is a formal academic event, we kindly suggest that all participants dress in business or professional attire. Traditional national dress is also welcome, provided it adheres to formal standards. Please avoid overly casual clothing. Note that Bahrain experiences high temperatures in the summer, while indoor venues are air-conditioned — we recommend bringing a light jacket or shawl for your comfort indoors.

Language:
The working language of the symposium will be English. All keynote speeches and discussions will be conducted in English to ensure inclusive participation. Remarks delivered in Arabic will be accompanied by English interpretation. If you require assistance in another language, please contact the organizing team in advance.

Conference Contact:
If you have any questions or face any difficulties during the event, please feel free to contact our staff.

• Prof. Zhou Jian (Chinese Director, Confucius Institute at UOB)
   Tel: +973 3405 0839 | Email: [email protected]
• Ms. Xue Yuanyuan (Chinese Language Instructor)
   Tel: +973 3593 6177 | China Mobile/WeChat: +86 152 7738 0178

Our team is committed to ensuring that your experience is smooth and enjoyable.

Additional Notes:
Please keep your personal belongings secure at all times. Photographs and video footage may be taken during the event for post-conference promotional purposes. If you have concerns regarding this, kindly inform the staff in advance. Conference materials that are not intended for public release (e.g., presentation slides) will be shared only with the consent of the respective speakers after the event.

We sincerely appreciate your support and participation, and we wish you a rewarding experience at the symposium!